Social Change

(Social Change)

Concept and meaning of Social Change.

Approaches to understanding social change.

Factors of social change.

Rate of social change.

Impact of social change.

Social change and the future.





    (The Indian Constitution)

The Indian Constitution : Historical Background

Constituent Assembly and drafting of the constitution.

   (1)Composition  (2)A critique

The preamble

Basic features of the constitution.

Amendment to the constituion

Review of the constitution.





   (Democratic processes)

Democracy : Concept & meaning

       (1)Historical Background

       (2)Various Prespectives.

       (3)Defining democracy.

       (4)State institutions and non state actors.





State institutions and democractic process.

      (1)Structure of the government.

      (2)Local self governing institutions.

      (3)The election machinery.



Non-state actors as an important part of democratic process.

       NGOs(Non-Government organisations)

       Pressure groups and Lobbies.

       People's movements.

       Appraisal and overview.



    (Studying Human Society)

Human Beings At the centre of study of all disciplines.

  Some tools of inquiry to unravel meanings.

  Some limitations in studies of society.

  Tips to know (1) Knowledge vs propaganda.

               (2) Many sided nature of social reality.

               (3)Two essential ingredients.

               (4)Gandhi ji's advise.







   (Evaluation of humankind)

(1)The old stone age.

(2)The new stone age

(3)The Bronze age.

(4)The iron age.



   (Tool making/using & march of culture)

(1)Social institutions and interactions.

(2)Specialisation and division of labour.

(3)Urban revolution.

(4)Rise of great religions.





(Nature & human beings : adaption and interaction)

  (1)Patterns of adaptation.

  (2)Tribes their patterns of adaptation.

  (3)Interaction : Dependence, conquest and harmony.



(Evalution of human  beings as thinking aniamal)

(1)Unique capabilities of thinking human beings.



(2)Species specific characteristics.



  (Evolution of the knowing individual)





    (Education and Awareness)

Concept and aims of education.

   Contemporary concerns and challenges to education.

     (1)Education and the deprived sections.

     (2)Education and human resource development.

     (3)Education and Modernisation.

     (4)Education and Democracy.

     (5)Education and Nationalism.

     (6)Education and International Understanding.

     (7)Education and Environment.

     (8)Education and values.

     (9)Education and Unemployment.

     (10)Education and the role of teachers.

     (11)Education and curriculum.

     (12)Life long education

 Education and awareness.

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